Working principle of pressure sensor

The working principle of the pressure sensor:

1. Piezoresistive force sensor:

Resistance strain gauges are one of the main components of piezoresistive strain sensors. The working principle of metal resistance strain gauges is the phenomenon of resistance changes caused by mechanical deformation of strain resistance adsorbed on the substrate material, commonly known as the resistance strain effect.

2. Ceramic pressure sensor:

Ceramic pressure sensors are based on the piezoresistive effect, where pressure directly acts on the front surface of the ceramic membrane, causing slight deformation of the membrane. Thick film resistors are printed on the back of the ceramic membrane and connected to a Wheatstone bridge. Due to the piezoresistive effect of the varistor, the bridge generates a highly linear voltage signal proportional to pressure and also to the excitation voltage, The standard signal is calibrated to 2.0/3.0/3.3mV/V based on different pressure ranges, and can be compatible with strain gauge sensors.

3. Diffusion silicon pressure sensor:

The working principle of diffusion silicon pressure sensors is also based on the piezoresistive effect. Using the piezoresistive effect principle, the pressure of the measured medium directly acts on the sensor's diaphragm (stainless steel or ceramic), causing the diaphragm to produce a micro displacement proportional to the medium pressure, causing changes in the sensor's resistance value. Electronic circuits are used to detect this change and convert it into a standard measurement signal corresponding to this pressure.

4. Sapphire pressure sensor:

Utilizing the working principle of strain resistance, silicon sapphire is used as a semiconductor sensing element with unparalleled metrological characteristics. Therefore, semiconductor sensitive components made of silicon sapphire are not sensitive to temperature changes and have excellent operating characteristics even under high temperature conditions; Sapphire has extremely strong radiation resistance characteristics; In addition, silicon sapphire semiconductor sensitive components have no p-n drift.

5. Piezoelectric pressure sensor:

The piezoelectric effect is the main working principle of piezoelectric sensors, which cannot be used for static measurement because the charge after external force is only preserved when the circuit has an infinite input impedance. The actual situation is not like this, so this determines that piezoelectric sensors can only measure dynamic stress.

Pressure sensors are the most commonly used type of sensor in industrial practice, widely used in various industrial automation environments, including water conservancy and hydropower, railway transportation, intelligent buildings, production automation, aerospace, military, petrochemical, oil wells, power, ships, machine tools, pipelines, and many other industries. And in different environments, different types of pressure sensors need to be used to avoid errors.

Application field:

Pressure sensors are mainly used in fields such as boost cylinders, boosters, gas-liquid boost cylinders, gas-liquid boosters, presses, compressors, air conditioning and refrigeration equipment.